See -es in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-es"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-es",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is, from Proto-Indo-European *-es, *-oes (plural ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the noun"
],
"id": "en--es-osx-suffix-cw~lcXia",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"english": "days",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"text": "dages",
"translation": "days",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"english": "nights",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"text": "nahtes",
"translation": "nights",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in formation of adverbs"
],
"id": "en--es-osx-suffix-SYEcPHxl",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ɛs/"
}
],
"word": "-es"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon suffixes",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-es"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-es",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is, from Proto-Indo-European *-es, *-oes (plural ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"english": "days",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"text": "dages",
"translation": "days",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"english": "nights",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"text": "nahtes",
"translation": "nights",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in formation of adverbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ɛs/"
}
],
"word": "-es"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -es meaning in Old Saxon (1.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Saxon dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.